Natural Stone Buying Guide: Factors to Consider for Your Outdoor Project

Selecting the right natural stone for outdoor projects can be overwhelming due to the many options available.

Without proper guidance, you might end up with a stone that doesn’t suit your climate, wears quickly, or fails to complement your home’s aesthetic, potentially leading to costly replacements or dissatisfaction with the final look.

Our comprehensive buying guide outlines key factors, ensuring you choose the best natural stone for durability, style, and function. 

Confidently enhance your outdoor space with the perfect stone choice.

Types of Natural Stone

When choosing natural stones for outdoor projects, understanding each type’s properties, benefits, and limitations is crucial. 

Here’s a detailed look at some popular types of natural stone: granite, limestone, bluestone, and sandstone.

Granite

Granite is an incredibly hard and dense stone renowned for its grainy appearance and a vast range of colours. It’s formed from cooled magma, making it extremely durable.

Pros	Cons
Highly resistant to scratches and weather conditions, granite does not deteriorate easily under temperature extremes. It’s also very low maintenance, requiring just sealing upon installation and periodic resealing.	The primary drawback is its cost; granite can be one of the more expensive stone options. Additionally, its hardness makes it challenging to cut and shape, which can increase installation costs.

Limestone

Limestone is a sedimentary rock typically lighter in colour, with soft beige, tan, and grey tones.

Pros	Cons
It’s particularly popular for projects requiring a refined or traditional look. Its relatively consistent colouration and texture make it a versatile choice.	Limestone is softer and more porous than granite, making it susceptible to weathering and acid rain. Regular sealing maintenance is required to prevent staining and water damage.

Bluestone

Bluestone is a sandstone used to create remarkably durable and stylish outdoor features. It generally appears in shades of grey and blue.

Pros	Cons
If improperly sealed, it can absorb water, leading to potential cracking in freezing conditions. The colour can also vary from batch to batch, which might be a concern if uniformity is desired.	It can absorb water if improperly sealed, leading to potential cracking in freezing conditions. The colour can also vary from batch to batch, which might be a concern if uniformity is desired.

Sandstone

Sandstone’s clastic composition, known for its beautiful colour variations, from reds to browns and tans, makes each piece unique.

Pros	Cons
Being softer and more porous, sandstone wears more quickly than granite or bluestone. It absorbs water and can degrade in freezing conditions unless appropriately sealed.	Being softer and more porous, sandstone wears more quickly than granite or bluestone. It absorbs water and can degrade in freezing conditions unless sealed properly.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Natural Stone

Choosing the right natural stone for your outdoor project requires careful consideration of several key factors to ensure both functionality and aesthetic appeal:

1. Durability and Weather Resistance

Durability and weather resistance are paramount when selecting natural stone for outdoor projects. Outdoor stones must endure varying weather conditions, from blazing sun to heavy rain and frost.

The right choice ensures your investment stands the test of time, maintaining its beauty and functionality.

Granite and quartzite are top choices due to their exceptional durability. Granite is renowned for its hardness and scratch resistance, making it ideal for high-traffic areas. Quartzite, a naturally hard and dense stone, resists weathering and maintains its appearance even under extreme conditions.

While visually appealing, limestone and sandstone require careful consideration. They offer a range of textures and colours but may be more susceptible to weathering. Regular sealing can enhance their durability, protecting against moisture absorption and freeze-thaw cycles.

Consider the stone’s resistance to UV rays, which can cause fading over time. Granite and quartzite generally perform well in retaining their colour. Additionally, evaluate the stone’s porosity.

Low-porosity stones like granite and quartzite are less likely to absorb water, reducing the risk of cracks and damage in freezing temperatures.

2. Texture and Slip Resistance

Texture and slip resistance are critical factors when choosing natural stone for outdoor projects. The right texture enhances the stone’s visual appeal and ensures safety, especially in areas prone to getting wet, such as pool surrounds, patios, and pathways.

Slip resistance is a primary concern for outdoor surfaces to prevent accidents. Stones with a naturally rough texture, such as sandstone and limestone, offer excellent slip resistance, making them suitable for high-traffic areas.

These stones provide a good grip even when wet, reducing the risk of slips and falls.

On the other hand, while visually striking, polished stones like marble and some granites can become slippery when exposed to moisture. Opt for honed or flamed stone finishes to improve their slip resistance without compromising aesthetics.

The texture also affects the stone’s maintenance and durability. Rough-textured stones may trap dirt, require more frequent cleaning, and provide better traction. Smooth-textured stones are easier to clean but may need additional treatments to enhance slip resistance.

When selecting a natural stone, balance the desired aesthetic with practical safety and maintenance considerations. 

3. Maintenance Requirements

When selecting natural stone for your outdoor project, understanding the maintenance requirements is crucial to ensuring long-lasting beauty and functionality. Different stones require varying levels of upkeep, which impacts their appeal and lifespan.

Granite and quartzite are renowned for their low-maintenance properties. These stones are highly durable and resistant to stains and scratches, requiring minimal effort to keep them looking pristine. Regular sweeping and occasional washing with mild soap and water are usually sufficient.

While aesthetically pleasing, limestone and sandstone demand more attention. These stones are more porous and can absorb moisture, leading to potential staining and weathering over time. 

Regular sealing is recommended to maintain their appearance. Sealing helps to protect against moisture, stains, and the effects of freeze-thaw cycles.

Travertine, known for its unique texture, also requires periodic sealing. This stone can accumulate dirt in its natural pits and grooves, necessitating more frequent cleaning. Use a stone-specific cleaner to avoid damaging the surface.

Marble, while luxurious, is the most demanding in terms of maintenance. It is prone to scratches, etching, and staining. Frequent sealing and careful cleaning with pH-neutral products are essential to preserve its appearance.

4. Colour and Visual Appeal

When selecting natural stone for your outdoor project, colour and visual appeal are paramount in achieving the desired aesthetic. The right stone can transform your outdoor space, adding character and elegance that complements your overall design.

Natural stone offers a diverse palette of colours, from the deep blues of slate to the warm, earthy tones of sandstone. Consider the existing colour scheme of your landscape and architecture.

With their neutral shades, stones like limestone and travertine can create a timeless and harmonious look, blending seamlessly with various styles.

For a bold statement, opt for stones with vibrant hues and unique patterns, such as the rich reds of porphyry or the striking veins of marble. These stones can be focal points in your design, drawing attention and adding visual interest.

Texture and finish also influence the stone’s appearance. A polished granite surface exudes sophistication, while a honed or tumbled finish provides a more rustic, natural feel. Think about the desired ambience of your outdoor space and select a stone finish that enhances it.

Remember that natural stone can change colour over time due to weathering and exposure to sunlight. Granite and quartzite are excellent for retaining their colour over the years, while softer stones like limestone may develop a natural patina.

5. Cost and Availability

When planning your outdoor project, the cost and availability of natural stone are crucial factors that can significantly impact your choices. Understanding these elements helps make informed decisions that balance your budget with the desired quality and aesthetics.

Natural stone varies widely in cost, depending on factors like rarity, origin, and processing. Common stones such as sandstone and limestone are generally more affordable and readily available, making them popular for many projects.

Though more expensive, granite and quartzite offer exceptional durability and long-term value, justifying their higher price tags.

Transportation costs also contribute to the overall expense. Locally sourced stones are more cost-effective and environmentally friendly, reducing shipping expenses and carbon footprint.

Imported stones, while potentially offering unique aesthetics, can be significantly more expensive due to shipping and handling fees.

Availability can fluctuate based on quarry production and market demand. High-demand stones might have longer lead times or require advance ordering to ensure availability for your project timeline. Checking with suppliers about stock levels and potential wait times is essential to avoid delays.

Budgeting for both the initial purchase and long-term maintenance costs is vital. While some stones may be cheaper upfront, they could incur higher maintenance costs over time. Conversely, higher-quality stones may reduce long-term expenses due to their durability and lower upkeep requirements.

6. Thickness and Size

When selecting natural stone for your outdoor project, thickness and size are critical factors that influence your installation’s structural integrity and visual appeal. The right dimensions ensure durability and a cohesive look, making your outdoor space functional and attractive.

Thickness is crucial in the stone’s durability and suitability for different applications. Thicker stones are generally more robust and can withstand heavier loads, making them ideal for driveways, walkways, and high-traffic areas. 

For example, stones with a thickness of 30mm or more are recommended for these purposes. Thinner stones, such as those 20mm or less, are better suited for decorative elements and wall cladding where less structural strength is required.

Size also affects the overall appearance and installation process. Large stone slabs can create a seamless, expansive look but may be more challenging to handle and install. 

Smaller stones or tiles offer more design flexibility and can be easier to work with, allowing for intricate patterns and detailed layouts.

Consider the balance between aesthetics and practicality. Large slabs of granite or quartzite can make a bold statement and reduce the number of joints, enhancing the visual flow. 

However, due to their weight and size, they may require professional installation. Smaller stones like cobblestones or mosaic tiles can add texture and detail but might involve more complex and time-consuming installation.

7. Environmental Impact

When selecting natural stone for your outdoor project, considering the environmental impact is essential to making sustainable and responsible choices.

Natural stone extraction, processing, and transportation can have significant environmental consequences, so it’s crucial to evaluate these aspects carefully.

Quarrying natural stone can destroy habitats, soil, and water pollution. Choosing stones from quarries that follow environmentally friendly practices can mitigate these impacts. Look for certifications like ISO 14001, which indicate adherence to environmental management standards.

Transportation is another factor to consider. Due to reduced shipping distances, locally sourced stones have a lower carbon footprint than imported stones. Opting for local materials supports the local economy and minimises greenhouse gas emissions associated with long-distance transportation.

Sustainability can also be enhanced by selecting reclaimed or recycled stone. These materials reduce the demand for new quarrying and preserve natural resources. Reclaimed stones, often sourced from old buildings or pavements, add a unique character and history to your project.

Energy consumption during processing should not be overlooked. Stones requiring minimal processing, such as natural cleft or split-face finishes, are more eco-friendly than heavily polished or treated stones.

8. Compatibility with Existing Structures

When selecting natural stone for your outdoor project, ensuring compatibility with existing structures is crucial for creating a cohesive and harmonious design. The chosen stone should seamlessly blend with the architectural style and materials already present in your space.

Consider the architectural style of your home and surrounding structures. For example, a modern home may benefit from sleek, polished stones like granite or basalt, while a rustic or traditional home may look better with rough-textured stones like sandstone or fieldstone.

Colour coordination is another vital aspect. The stone’s colour should complement the existing palette. Neutral tones like beige, grey, and brown can blend well with most designs, while more vibrant hues can be used as accent pieces to create focal points.

Match the stone’s texture and finish to existing elements. If your home features smooth, contemporary finishes, choose stones with similar characteristics to maintain a unified look.

Conversely, opt for stones with a complementary texture if the existing structures have a more natural or rugged appearance.

Scale and proportion are also important. The size of the stone elements should be in proportion to the surrounding structures. Large stone slabs can overwhelm small spaces, while smaller stones might get lost in expansive areas.

9. Installation Complexity

Considering the complexity of the installation process is crucial when selecting natural stone for your outdoor project. The difficulty level can significantly impact your project’s cost and timeline.

Different stones require varying installation techniques. For example, large slabs of granite or quartzite are heavy and difficult to manoeuvre, often necessitating professional installation and specialised equipment.

In contrast, smaller stones like cobblestones or tiles can be easier to handle and may be suitable for DIY projects.

Surface preparation is another critical aspect. Some stones need a stable base, involving significant groundwork and additional materials such as sand, gravel, or concrete. The preparation can be time-consuming and requires expert knowledge to ensure long-lasting results.

Jointing and sealing can add to the complexity. Stones with irregular shapes, such as flagstone or natural slate, require meticulous fitting and often custom cutting to achieve a seamless look.

Additionally, certain stones need specific types of mortar or sealant to maintain their integrity and appearance over time.

Weather conditions and site accessibility also play a role. Working in extreme weather or in hard-to-reach areas can complicate the installation process, potentially increasing labour costs and project duration.

Where to Buy Natural Stone

Knowing where to buy natural stone is essential for ensuring quality and reliability in your outdoor project. Here are some reputable suppliers in Melbourne, Australia, where you can find high-quality natural stone:

1. Splendour in Stone: Splendour in Stone offers a wide range of natural stone products, specialising in unique, high-quality stones perfect for various outdoor applications. Their expertise and extensive selection make them a top choice for many homeowners and professionals.
2. Attila’s Natural Stone: Located in Campbellfield, Attila’s Natural Stone has been a trusted supplier of luxurious natural stones since 1997. They offer an extensive range of marble, granite, limestone, and more, suitable for indoor and outdoor projects
3. Victoria Stone Gallery: Victoria Stone Gallery is a premier wholesaler of natural stone slabs, including Carrara, Calacatta, Super White, Quartzite, and Granite. They provide a unique and enjoyable shopping experience focusing on quality and a wide selection of exotic stones.
4. RMS Natural Stone Victoria: RMS Natural Stone has supplied high-quality natural stone products for over 25 years. They offer a variety of tiles, slabs, and mosaics sourced from leading quarries worldwide, ensuring premium quality and durability.
5. Granite Works: With over 20 years of experience, it is known for its high-quality natural stone products, including paving, flooring, and custom stone production. They provide durable and sophisticated stone solutions for various outdoor spaces.

Conclusion

Consider factors like durability, aesthetics, and environmental impact when purchasing natural stone for your outdoor project. By selecting a reputable supplier and carefully planning your design, you can ensure a stunning and sustainable outdoor space that adds lasting value to your property.